Let’s start with the first part of the description: The West ½ of the Southeast ¼. The following chart illustrates some of the equivalents for the various measurement terms used in a Metes and Bounds deed. Don’t forget, though, that the term township was also used to indicate a small geographic area within a county. The legal description pinpoints the location of a given property within its particular township, range, and section. The system is also used in the Canadian province of Ontario. We first locate the Southeast ¼ (or quarter) of Section 28, which is the lower right-hand quadrant. DO NOT ROTATE YOUR GRAPH PAPER; keep North at the top. Metes-and-bounds descriptions were used in the original 13 colonies before the rectangular survey system was developed. The next available Lot Number was chosen so if there were 20 Lots in a given Block, for example, and there was one Lot subdivided by metes and bounds, the 'parent' portion of the Lot (i.e. Metes and bounds b. The bounds part is the easier part to understand. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. english metes and bounds, french long lots, spanish riparian system. Courtesy of Richard Campanella. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again. Track land ownership to gain clues about relationships: Land platting is an excellent way to visually track land exchanging hands. I – II. Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. Beginning at your first dot, place your protractor in the correct position (for our example, vertical with the curve on the left). 6 square miles. Range. If East or West, it will be horizontal. Since the description specifies that the West ½ (half) of the quadrant was purchased, we simply divide the quadrant vertically in two and label the western (left) half as part of the land purchase. Metes and Bounds This goes beyond just reading through the deed and recording names– you need to get land platting! Following the example, I would draw a line 45 millimeters (for 45 rods). Generally, the township was divided up into quarters, with each corner being referred to as the Northeast Quarter, Southeast Quarter, Northwest Quarter, or Southwest Quarter. Railways described by metes and bounds will appear on the Surface layer. (5) If it is in a part of a whole lot or block, it may be described by metes and bounds, or in some other way by which it may be known; provided, that such description shall be sufficient without more to definitely locate and identify the property so listed and shall show the quantity of such land so listed. Platting refers to land described using the Metes and Bounds (measures and boundaries) system. Within this boundary, a map or plat was maintained that showed all the individual lots or properties. ALL THAT PORTION OF SOUTH EAST QUARTER DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS: COMMENCING AT THE SOUTH EAST CORNER OF THE SAID QUARTER SECTION; THENCE NORTHERLY ALONG THE EAST BOUNDARY See what our clients are saying about our professional genealogy services. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Determine the size, shape, and location of the land, as well as learn what resources it was near: If your ancestor owned land near valuable resources in the area, that may give you a clue as to their economic status or way of life. Metes and Bounds and Township and Range – American Land Records Part II. running south along John Brown’s eastern line). SURVEYS – EXAMINATION OF PLANS Procedures Manual Procedure# SUR-1 Page 1 of 8 Date Issued 2010 02 10 Land Titles & Surveys . There needed to be two descriptions, however, because of the way that Rectangular Survey works. Metes and bounds description are used when ever it is necessary or desirable to describe a tract with irregular boundaries that do not conform to the USPLSS or the lots and blocks laid out in a subdivision plat. Long-lot settlement. 311-319 Metes-and-bounds descriptions within the rectangular survey system usually occur when describing an irregular tract, when a tract is too small to be describe by quarter-sections, or when a tract does not follow the lot or block lines of a recorded subdivision or section, quarter-section lines, or … specifically the United States Land Terms and Definitions page. Because of the imprecise nature of the system, the U.S. land office survey abandoned it for the Township and range … continue southerly along the river bank) RETURN to the beginning dot, drop to the FINAL INSTRUCTION, REVERSE the cardinal directions (N38°W 45 rods = S38°E 45 rods), and work backwards until you can draw the “southerly” line. Platting the neighbors land as well allows you to piece together the neighborhood and create a FAN (Friends, Associates, and Neighbors) network for your ancestor. As mentioned previously, land records can be a treasure trove of information. Unplatted legals typically reference the Section, Township and Range that the lot is located in, plus quarter-section and sometimes a whole series of quarter-quarter details. Over time, these descriptions … We will zoom in on the township containing Tolleson in the next image below. A metes and bounds description is commonly used in relation to the U.S. Government Survey System. 11 Nov. Land records are an incredibly important resource when doing genealogy research in the United States. but very often the parcels are very long and narrow lots fronting onto a river or lake. If you see phrases including halves, quarters, sections, townships, and ranges, your deed is not Metes and Bounds, it is Rectangular Survey. Read through your land deed and locate where the description begins. Basic B. Platted Lot, Block or Tract. If you plat your ancestor’s land and then plat a deed showing them selling half of their land to someone you don’t know of, you should check into possible relationships. These records do more than simply record where an ancestor lived or what property they owned, they can be a wealth of information about relationships, economic status, and much more! USPLS township and range. Township 3 North). The Four Systems. Not only do they help build family trees, but land platting will help you understand the world in which your ancestors lived by visually seeing the lay-out of the land and by identifying the neighbors. The first graphic below shows the crossing of a base line and meridian, and shows how the townships and ranges are numbered. Moderate C. Challenging D. 3-Dimensional i. Aerial ii. Survey lines showing French long lots and American township-and-range at lower left, and English metes-and-bounds at upper right. Your Metes and Bounds deed may say someone owned land in Washington Township of Beaufort County, but you likely won’t find a phrase similar to “Township 3 West” in a Metes and Bounds deed. 6 . 24 B. Metes and Bounds C. Rectangular Survey D. Lot and Block. Family members often lived close: If you plat multiple deeds created by individuals with the same surname, you may find that they lived quite near to each other. Metes and Bounds was used in what are now called the “State Land States.” This group consists of the original 13 colonies, states created from those colonies, Hawai’i, and Texas: Because these states had an established land survey system when the Federal Government was formed, they were granted the right to retain their land after ceding it to the government. Long Lot b. Part I of this two-part series is adapted from a lecture given by the author at the 2019 Brigham Young University Conference on Family History and Genealogy. For example, a metes and bounds described parcel may be assigned the Tax Identification Number 14-55-118, which has nothing to do with the legal description of the property recorded in the deed other than its use to create the tax Block and Lot maps. lot and block. Writing Descriptions – exercises A. Rectangular (cadastral) survey. North 38° West 45 rods) from your transcription so that you know you have completed that instruction. It describes the property’s boundaries in terms of north and south. Now that we have a working understanding of how the Rectangular Survey system works, let’s graph out a real deed for practice! The description always identifies an enclosed area by starting at an origination point, called point of beginning, or POB, and returning to the POB at the end of the description. By custom, it was Review: State Land States vs. Federal Land States. Table 10. A metes-and-bounds description of a triangular-shaped tract of land might be as follows: “Beginning at a point from which the north quarter corner of Section 4, T. 1 N (township 1 north), R. 70 W (range 70 west) of the 6th PM (the sixth principal meridian, a north–south reference line) in Boulder County, Colorado, bears N 45° W 1,320 feet, at which point of beginning an iron … Abbreviations are used for Township (T or Tps), Ranges (R or Rs), Sections (Sec or Secs), and directions (N, E, S, W, NE, etc.). Metes and bounds descriptions are the most common type and are composed of two basic parts, the metes and the bounds. To the person who no longer has to write out long metes and bound descriptions, the use of reference documents is a blessing. “...to a stake and stones,” or “...to the large pine on John William’s southern line”). Usually, a metes and bounds description will describe the perimeter of the parcel moving in a clockwise direction. 5.2: Rural survey methods include metes and bounds, township and range, and long lot. Metes and bounds is a system or method of describing land, real property (in contrast to personal property) or real estate. As a result, they were in charge of granting/selling their own land and the Metes and Bounds system stuck. Metes and Bounds Up to the time of the … Metes and Bounds Legal Description . English settlers brought over their metes … You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in settings. Correction Lines. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. Your Metes and Bounds deed may say someone owned land in Washington Township of Beaufort County, but you likely won’t find a phrase similar to “Township 3 West” in a Metes and Bounds deed. We'll help you discover the ancestors that made you who you are today. Each of these townships is 36 square miles (6 miles by 6 miles), and is further divided up into 36 sections. METES & BOUNDS PT SW1/4 SW1/4, PT LOT 309 Section: 14 Township: 13S Range: 17W Acreage: 0.06 Lot: Block: City: CAMDEN CITY Addition: School Dist: 16C 0.06 ELAINE ROGERS, GRIFFIN LOWMACK Explain the role of range … The metes-and-bounds system was used to describe a town of a generally rectangular shape, 4 to 6 miles (6.4 to 9.7 km) on a side. This deed represents the sale of the following portion of land: W ½ of SE ¼, and the East ½ of the South West ¼ of Section 28, Town 5 South Range 4 East. As mentioned in Part I, the State Land States generally used Metes and Bounds, which requires land platting. Settlement/city. Newberry Library call number: +F896467.642 Modern notes and clarifications are provided in square brackets. In these surveys, physical features of the land—such as trees, rocks, fences, roads, hills, and creeks were used to describe the property's boundaries. We'll help you discover the ancestors that made you who you are today. On a separate piece of paper or word document (not required, but very helpful), transcribe the description. Understanding Township and Range Excerpts and diagrams from “Analysis of the System of United States Land Surveys” in Standard Atlas of Knox County Illinois 1903. Townships are measured north and south along the vertical axis, while ranges are numbered east and west along the horizontal axis. Neighbors are often mentioned in deeds: Often a deed includes neighbors names in boundary descriptions (e.g. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. Listed below are some definitions of common words you may see used in a deed described through Rectangular Survey. Mark a dot at that point. In Part I of this two-part series, we discussed the importance of Land Platting – drawing out property boundaries as given in land records. If the first direction is North or South, the flat edge of your protractor will be vertical. The FamilySearch Wiki in general is an excellent reference tool, and they have good information regarding United States land records. Visually tracking the purchase or sale of land through platting can clue you into relationships (who is getting the large chunk of this ancestor’s property?) METES AND BOUNDS Section: 26 Township: 10S Range: 13W Acreage: .172 Lot: 4 Block: 2 City: Addition: School Dist: I39 $171.07 05/15/2012 2007 11-9 970-04748-000 N C CHAVIS % DORIS JOHNSON METES AND BOUNDS PT SW1/4 SW1/4 Section: 35 Township: 10S Range: 13W Acreage: .09 Lot: Block: City: Addition: School Dist: I39 CAROLOYN JACKSON, $171.07 Seed crops township-and-range system agribusiness First Agricultural Revolution metes-and-bounds system food desert Animal domestication long-lot survey system Subsistence agriculture Koppen climatic classification system Unit 11: Agriculture and the Rural Landscape pgs. A pure bounds description only by what (or who) is next to them. Occasionally, land was given a metes and bounds description rather than using a … metes and bounds description. C. 23,040 square feet. This is a public surveying system that is centuries old. Cross off the directions for the line you just drew (e.g. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Up to the time of the Revolutionary War, or until about the beginning of the nineteenth century, land, when parcelled out, and sold or granted, was described by "Metes and Bounds" and that system is still in existence in the following States, or in those portions of them which h ad been sold or granted when the present plan of surveys was adopted: New York, … ... C. a range map D. an air lot. I do need to state here that though a land deed is generally described using either the Metes and Bounds method or the Rectangular Survey method, I have come across deeds that are a combination of both. (5) If it is in a part of a whole lot or block, it may be described by metes and bounds, or in some other way by which it may be known; provided, that such description shall be sufficient without more to definitely locate and identify the property so listed and shall show the quantity of such land so listed. By custom, it was applied in the original Thirteen Colonies that became the United States and in many other land jurisdictions based on E… These quarter and half descriptions are what you will find written out in your ancestors’ land deeds. Land Graphing, just as land platting, involves drawing out the land description found in a land record, usually a land grant (the first sale of the land from the government to an individual) or a land deed (subsequent sales of the land between individuals). After finishing the graphing of the last portion of the description, we can now work back from the land description, to the section, to the township and place exactly where the land was that was purchased in Washington County, Kansas. For land, which has been subdivided, as in a city, town, village or acreage subdivision, the former legal description (ATS: by meridian, range, township, section and quarter section) is changed to a new legal description defining … On an interesting note- Section 16 of each township was set apart specifically for public education. Rank-size rule. Select one: a. Dutch settlements were disorganized and the government had trouble maintaining control. The system was further modified to facilitate the transfer of large … (5) If it is in a part of a whole lot or block, it may be described by metes and bounds, or in some other way by which it may be known; provided, that such description shall be sufficient without more to definitely locate and identify the property so … If you reach a point where the deed is not descriptive enough (e.g. I – II. A. Metes and bounds B. Bounds C. Aliquot part D. Lot/Block subdivision E. Strip (Centerline) F. Area G. Combination (quasi-metes and bounds) a. Assign 1 millimeter = 1 primary unit, and be wary of measurement changes while platting. When you are doing research in land records of these states, be prepared for some land platting. For example, each township … I still remember the first time that I saw a metes and bounds land description in a deed - it looked like a lot of confusing gibberish. Once you learn the lingo, however, you'll find that metes and bounds surveys make a lot more sense than they appear to at first glance. Each intersection of a base line and principal meridian marks the center point for the grid of townships and ranges based off of those lines. Place each measurement description on its own line (e.g. Draw a basic compass rose on the paper (North on top), and a key indicating which measurement = 1 millimeter. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again. The second graphic shows how the numbering pattern used to number the 36 sections. Land Platting is defined as drawing out the boundary description of a piece of property as given in a land record, usually a land deed. Ranges, like townships are also 6 miles in size so the first six miles west of the principal meridian would be described as range one west and written as R1W, the second would be R2W. C)a tract follows the lot or block lines of a recorded subdivision. Sometimes it is stated outright in the record, other times you may have to look it up for yourself. Before diving into a real-life example of land graphing, let’s get a visual overview of how the Public Land Survey System, or Rectangular Survey works. The settlements were generally given a local name such as St. Albert Settlement. In the case of this deed, the tract we are graphing is in Section 28, shown highlighted below: After locating the section the land deed describes, it’s time to graph out the actual portions of that section which were sold in the deed. METES AND BOUNDS. Land platting is sometimes overlooked, but it shouldn’t be! Land records are an incredibly important resource when doing genealogy research in the United States. Example: Beginning at the Northeast corner of the Southeast Quarter of the Southwest Quarter of Section 34, Township 23, Range 16, Hennepin County, Minnesota; thence East along the North line of said Southwest Quarter a distance of 125.5 feet. It is important to remember, however, that the term township was also used to indicate a small geographic area within a county. A metes and bounds description identifies the boundaries of a parcel of real estate using reference points, distances, and angles. It involved dividing up the land into square townships that measured 6 miles along each side. The base lines and meridians form the center point of the grid that the land divisions are based off of. Example: Beginning at the Northeast corner of the Southeast Quarter of the Southwest Quarter of Section 34, Township 23, Range 16, Hennepin County, Minnesota; thence East along the North line of said Southwest Quarter a distance of 125.5 feet. A SUBDIVISION PLAT. Metes-and -Bounds Survey Method oak Bridge Using co LINEAR VILLAGE WALLED VILLAGE CLUSTER VILLAGE GRID VILLAGE ROUND VILLAGE VILLAGE FORMS Dwelling, Barn Road Field Boundary Garden Farmland (Modified trom Spencer & Thomas. There are some difficulties with this system: Irregular shapes for properties make for much more complex descriptions. Here is an example of a township/range legal description and a plat map that shows each portion of the legal description and how it correlates with the plat map. This time, we’ll start with the Southwest quarter, or the lower left-hand quadrant. Some states have multiple base lines or meridians, and some states share the same set. A metes-and-bounds description is required in a rectangular survey system description when A)describing a regular tract. Angles are also referred to as bearings. In the next post of this series, we’ll talk through graphing land descriptions in these states. Now that we’ve laid down some of the basics of Metes and Bounds survey, where it was used and how to recognize its value, let’s get into some how-to’s of land platting! A mete is a boundary line and bounds is the area enclosed by the metes — hence, the name. If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. Long-lot settlement. You will know your deed is surveyed in Metes and Bounds when you see the words chain, link, rod, and/or pole. The following chart illustrates some of the equivalents for the various measurement terms used in a Metes and Bounds deed. Metes and Bounds Metes and bounds is a system or method of describing land, real property (in contrast to personal property) or real estate. If South, on the bottom; if East, on the right; if West, on the left. Metes and Bounds System. Usually, a description uses mainly rods, poles, or chains. Urbanization. [1] “Deeds, 1850-1885; index to deed and mortgage records, 1850-1915,” Scott County, Tennessee, Register of Deeds, vol. Primate city. These townships would be further divided into 1-square-mile sections, for a total of 36 sections per township. A metes and bounds description is commonly used in relation to the U.S. Government Survey System. Continue from that point with the next direction, and continue through the end of the land description. Label the end of the line with the corner instruction from your transcription that immediately follows that line (e.g. The following are Federal Land States, and thus you should expect to graph land from these states: As with Metes and Bounds land platting, it is helpful to know some of the terms or phrases that you should expect to see in a Rectangular Survey land deed. For example, when … 1978) eg eurls … A, pg. Just as English, French, Spanish, and American societies practiced different philosophies of law and government, each also “did” cadastral systems their own way. System implemented in Quebec, Louisiana, Texas or areas of French influence, that divide the land into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers, roads, or canals ... (township), which is then divided into one-mile square blocks (range). USPLSS Descriptions Usually, the preferred method for describing large parcels of land is by reference to the USPLSS. Determine which is the primary length measurement in your deed. If the boundary of the property conforms to a subdivision of the USPLSS, a legal description can easily be composed for it by identifying the section (or some fraction thereof), township, range and principal meridian … The deed[1] used in the example can be found on FamilySearch at this link: https://bit.ly/2IeLUHk. This land was then sold in portions of the sections, often divided in halves, quarters, etc. Settlements are generally given a local name such as Edmonton Settlement or Lobstick Settlement. Washington Township) while survey townships were numbered (e.g. Pp. Example: Beginning at the Northeast corner of the Southeast Quarter of the Southwest Quarter of Section 34, Township 23, Range 16, Hennepin County, Minnesota; thence East along the North line of said Southwest Quarter a distance of 125.5 feet.
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