100ll weight per gallon

A new product and a revised ASTM D-910 spec were born. USER_MINI_PROFILE. The solution was to offer a 100/130 grade of fuel with a limit on the amount of lead in the fuel. The airport does not support GA privately owned hangars and does not plow the taxiway to private hangars, so we must put our planes in storage for the winter. Fuel C (g/kg Fuel) 862.4 865.2 837.0 851.0 Liter/Litre to Gallons Conversion. Ben flew a P-38 in the Pacific during WWII, and Butchie served as a nurse with the Army Nurse Corps.”. 2007b). The only negative to using 100/130 in an 80/87 engine was the higher lead content. All rights reserved. usual carbon content used in aircraft emissions work is 3160 g CO2/kg fuel, which assumes a Its primary user was the military. To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter. that should not significantly affect the calculated emission indices: errors in EIs are less than ~3.4%. On a fuel mass flow basis, the Swift 702 fuel will produce slightly less power than the 100LL; however, on a fuel volume flow basis, which is … There should be no misunderstanding: Drones WILL be fully integrated into the National Airspace System at some point in our future. You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Average cost of avgas in the U.S., 1980: $1.95 Avgas has an emission coefficient (or factor) of 18.355 pounds per US gallon (2.1994 kg/l) of CO 2 or about 3.05 units of weight CO 2 produced per unit weight of fuel used. specifically toluene, in a subset of fuel samples is investigated in more detail in the section At .1836 miles per gallon, a 7,821 mile flight needs 42,000 gallons. It was dyed green. There are a couple other important factors that make Jet A cheaper and100LL more expensive. The substance is made up of several organic compounds and it is acquired through the fractional distillation of crude oil or petroleum. You know jet … This calculator is used to calculate the post trip fuel remaining for AvGas and Jet A. Avgas (100-130 or 100-130LL) weight is calculated at 6 pounds per gallon; Jet A (jet fuel) at 6.84 pounds per gallon. Currently, the average price of Avgas in the U.S. is $6.26 per gallon (source: www.100ll.com), almost twice the average price of regular automobile gasoline. I’m flying with car gas. The fuel appears to exceed the specifications of 100LL in octane number and energy per unit volume although the fuel weighs 7 pounds per gallon instead of the 6 pounds per gallon for 100LL. Knock Rang, Rich Mixture (Supercharge Method) Performance Number 130 In current dollars, average gasoline prices for cars stay between $1.50-$4.00 per gallon. The price is supposed to be around 2 Euros/liter [$9.93 per gallon… Able to fit most 600 and 750 gallons per day units as well as some medium-sized aeration systems, the Hiblow HP-100LL is a high-quality and durable option that will serve you well. This new fuel could … Carbon content of aircraft fuel. On average, 42 gallons of crude oil are refined to produce around 19 gallons of gasoli… Jet-A and Avgas have followed the same price trends over the years, but Jet-A has … The two samples sent for testing were A collision with deer on the runway while landing at night and the airport's lack of a complete perimeter fence. A large proportion of low-compression aircraft engines from both Lycoming and Continental were originally certificated for operation on 80/87 octane avgas. weight could prevent achieving the desirable rotor revolutions per minute (rpm) during autorotations. 100ll Weight Per Gallon. All rights reserved. He holds a PhD in Air Transportation Engineering from the University of California, … Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book. For the Phase 1 laboratory and rig test program, selected fuel suppliers will be requested to provide 100 gallons of fuel for this evaluation. Disclaimer: This spreadsheet is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Lv 4. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a PDF. However, carbon content testing was performed on only two samples due to So if your diesel generator uses, for example, 15 gallons of diesel fuel per hour, it'll be producing: 15 gallons/hour x 22.2 lb./gallon … Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. The av fuel here in Michigan is still more per gallon but my 0-200A in my Tailwind W8 needs some lead for top end lubricant. ... C. 6 pounds/gallon, 6.7 pounds/gallon… high-aromatics fuel sample is similarly lower in carbon content. mass % H (m/m) 13.8% 8.03% 16.3% 14.9% The third product was 115/145, which had no lead content limit and generally contained from 4 to 5 grams per gallon with some batches containing more than 6 grams per gallon. The flight would generate 851,000lbs of CO 2. From free videos on YouTube and free monthly webinars to instructor-led training, Garmin offers a variety of training opportunities for general aviation pilots. The student pilot's improper rudder input and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action during takeoff, which resulted in a loss of directional control, a runway excursion, and the landing gear collapsing. How much are Aircraft fuel prices on 2/11/2021, JetA- per gallon, 100LL- per gallon GlobalAir.com Home Friday, February 12, 2021 02:19 UTC … There are fixed costs involved with airplane ownership. Do you enjoy reading reports from the Academies online for free? Premium gasoline may have a gravity of 54, or 6.35 pounds per gallon. One millimetre of mercury = 1.332 hPa or mb. 1 decade ago. The presence of aromatics, Engine stutter at rotation speed, 2nd try the engine quits at 40 mph on the runway. H. Paul Shuch is a Light Sport Repairman with Maintenance ratings for airplanes, gliders, weight shift control, and powered parachutes, as well as an independent Rotax Maintenance Technician at the Heavy Maintenance level. It is interesting to note that with the old 100/130 fuels, most refiners would add lead until the fuel passed the 100 spec. Min ValueShell AVGAS Specificaon Max Value conversions. the high cost of testing. The ASTM D5769 method used in the detection of aromatics cannot F = (C x 9/5) + 32. Deadline is Aug. 15 to enter your aircraft in the competition of aircraft that are at least 45 years old and in airworthy condition. All of the other engines were certified on 100/130, but allowed higher takeoff power settings when 115/145 was used. How much are Aircraft fuel prices on 2/11/2021, JetA- per gallon, 100LL- per gallon GlobalAir.com Home Friday, February 12, 2021 02:19 UTC Log In Register Free Current TFR Listings Avgas 100 0.85 The Lightning from Arion Aircraft is available as either a Light-Sport Aircraft (SLSA or ELSA) or as an Experimental Amateur Built version. Fittingly, the barn is “a tribute to Ben Ryan and the sacrifices he and his wife Butchie made for the country. Now that’s something to get excited about, Of Wings & Things by Frederick A. Johnsen, A-20 Havoc spanned the war with grace and speed, Bomber escort failed, but chin turret scored, One Pilot’s View: The perfect combination, A deeply flawed but wonderful place to work, Looking good and going fast…on a budget. Tips to improve fuel efficiency in your airplane, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window). This 1946 engine may very well be able to be overhauled and put back in service, providing you have the engine logbook. The Douglas A-20 Havoc attack bomber represents an advanced pre-war design that proved effective in combat in World War II. Results are shown in Table K-2. A PowerPoint presentation provides an overview of the findings. Is the additional weight the reason the FAA rejected this fuel as an 100LL alternative? Multiply volume at 15C by density in air to get weight. Average cost of 1 gallon Jet A, April 2017: $4.17. Aromacs (v/v) <10% 14.50% on fuel additives. Time. Amount of kerosene-type jet fuel (commercial) produced in the U.S., 2016: 576,317,000 barrels. This meant that most fuels were around 100/137 when they were shipped. Manufacturerâ s specification sheet for AVGAS 100LL… Join 110,000 readers each month and get the latest news and entertainment from the world of general aviation direct to your inbox, daily. (The crew used remaining oil and gas from the ship to cook with and for warmth for some months before dying. It seems we're still no closer to an answer today than we were then. 2,778 g x 3.66 x 0.99 = 10,084 g. Each gallon of diesel fuel produces, on average, 10,084 g of CO2, or about 22.2 lb. A minimum limit ensures … So this new fuel will have a density of: 0.778 to 0.814 kg/litre. 1 US Gallon = 6.46 - 7 pounds: 1 Liter/Litre = 1.59 pounds per: Weight of 100LL or AVGas (blue color) 1 US Gallon = 6.02 pounds : 1 Liter/Litre = 1.59 pounds per 100LL: Liter/Litre to Gallons Conversion: 1 Liter/Litre = .264172 US Gallons: 1 US Gallon = Liter/Litre 3.78541: Kilometre/Kilometer to Knots: 1 Knot = 1.852 Kilometre/Kilometer: 1 Kilometre/Kilometer =0.59956 knots: Miles Per … Table K-1 lists the manufacturer’s information available for the AVGAS 100LL fuel present Manufacturer’s specification sheet for AVGAS 100LL. Gasoline, also known as petrol in some countries, is a clear petroleum based fluid which is used extensively in the world today as fuel in internal combustion such as in cars and airplanes. How much does jet fuel weigh per gallon? Formula. Not a MyNAP member yet? Compare Jet-A and avgas fuel prices by region based on a survey conducted in February 2019 by Aviation Research Group/U.S. W* weight of the container after 60 seconds of filling pounds SGblend ... maximum amount of lead contained in 100LL avgas to 2 grams per US gallon, which is equivalent to 0.56 grams/liter.1 Lead, a neurotoxin, has been removed from all other forms of conventional gasoline. aircraft fuel consumption calculator. Lesson learned for me: on a x-country I will buy 100LL because it lasts longer, is more controlled. 1 Liter/Litre = 1.59 pounds per 100LL. As the demand for 115/145 declined, the market for it went away. But what's the "technically safe" shelf life of aviation oil? 6.3.1.2 2,4-dimethyl-6 … The strange thing with this is that Jet A1 has a density of 0.804 kg/litre. [1] [2] Avgas has an emission coefficient (or factor) of 18.355 pounds CO 2 per U.S. gallon (2.1994 kg/l) [3] [4] or about 3.05 units of weight CO 2 produced per unit weight of fuel used. Also interesting to note: When the market switched from 100/130 to the new 100LL fuel, the number of knocking complaints went up significantly. The aircraft looked very much like a scaled down commercial jetliner, with four individually podded engines suspended from pylons in a fashion reminiscent of the Boeing 707. 2. Disllaon end point °C 170 in the fuel. 1 Knot = 1.852 Kilometre/Kilometer. Of course, 100LL fuel, which the helicopter burns, costs anywhere from $4.50 to $7.00 per gallon. It is also improved and purified further through the use of additives. This grade is listed in the same specifications as Avgas 100, namely ASTM D910 and UK DEF STAN 91-090. 1.0 Amps and 75 Watts are required for this product; This product’s ideal operating pressure is 2.57 PSI Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features? Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website. Designated Pilot Examiners are the front line for aviation safety, with consistency, standardization, professionalism and ethical practices key to the aviation safety, officials say. Expect to see the Whisper in the U.S. by April 2021. The first was 80/87, which contained a maximum of 0.5 grams of lead per gallon and was dyed red. Grade 100LL NOTE 1—The above grade names are based on their octane/ performance numbers as measured by the now obsolete Test Method D 614 Knock Characteristics of Aviation Fuels by the Aviation Method (Discontinued 1970). SwitcheOn remotely controls your aircraft's engine or cabin pre-heater for your aircraft, so you no longer have to drive out to the airport the night before to plug your airplane in to fly in the morning. When the day comes that I should not fly any longer for medical reasons, I will tell my personal physician and quit flying. Yes, this sounds really weird. That belief is not based on objective facts, but opinion — an opinion that is largely based on erroneous information, supposition, and perhaps just a tinge of fear. Avgas has an emission coefficient (or factor) of 18.355 pounds CO 2 per U.S. gallon (2.1994 kg/l) or about 3.05 units of weight CO 2 produced per unit weight of fuel used. They reported having to dig oil out from the fuel strainer assembly. Lv 5. Author: “One Now Dead” One mile per hour (mph) = 1.467 ft/sec; 88 ft/min; 1.6093 km/hr; 0.8684 kt. In the very best case, the SG of 0.65 the weight of fuel will be 325Kg, At the low end of a more 'realistic' SG of 0.695 that weight will be 347.5Kg, At the ball-park figure most of us use, SG 0.70, that weight is 350Kg, Using the published AIP SG of 0.72, the weight is 360Kg, and; The most pessimistic case SG of 0.75 yields a fuel weight of 375Kg. One metre per sec (m/sec) = 1.9438 kt; 2.237 mph; 3.6 km/hr. Of course the above process would be a complete waste of time in an aircraft fuel tank, for which you would only have a rough idea of the fuel volume in the first place. Details. Dennis writes that he’s been been buying 100LL for many years and thought that 100/130 was different from 100LL. Gunship versions of the B-17 were seen as one answer to the scourge of German fighter attacks. Fuel Grade (Octane Rating) Color TEL per Gallon. hydrogen/carbon ratio, or a, of 1.9. At the low end, domestic production busts, and prices rise. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages. The Leatherman multi-tool is one I’ve seen many a pilot sport. All of the major oil companies stopped producing this fuel with almost no negative effect on the the aviation community. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages. The Phase 1 test program is anticipated to take approximately one year, at which point the FAA will evaluate the fuels for continued participation in Phase 2 test of the test program. FOCA Equivalents: Centigrade to Farenheit: zero C = 32 F; five C = 41 F; ten C = 50 F; fifteen C = 59 F; twenty C = 68 F. Conversion: C = (F-32) x 5/9. It’s where skills are learned, pride is developed, and the path to a better, brighter, more affluent future is glimpsed for the first time by kids who have never had an outlet for their aeronautical dreams. We shouldn’t use uncontrolled airports as the common term for non-towered/pilot-controlled airports. The answer is fairly easy from a legal standpoint because the specifications state that the supplier must guarantee that the oil stay within spec for at least three years. TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Research Report 164: Exhaust Emissions from In-Use General Aviation Aircraft provides emissions data to better understand and estimate general aviation (GA) aircraft emissions. Jet A fuel, it is not necessarily appropriate for AVGAS 100LL. Fuel Grade (Octane Rating) Color TEL per Gallon 80/87 Red 0.5 mL 100LL Blue 1.2 - 2.0 mL (H/C rao) 1.901 1.857 2.320 2.086 Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. Amount of TEL per 1 gal. (6 lb/U.S. How much is a ton of jet fuel? Ask Paul: Should I buy a plane that hasn’t been flown in two years? Use the quick fuel price update form and update the price in a few seconds, or use the simple form on every UKGA airfield page to update prices & availability, or just send us the details and we'll … As Swift moves forward with additional testing, it plans to address issues beyond just octane, including temperature considerations (such as cold starts), materials compatibility, and weight versus energy of fuel. What should I be concerned with when buying an airplane that hasn't been flown in two years? Reid Vapour Pressure @ 38 °C kPa 49 38 100LL, spoken as "100 low lead", ... Avgas has an emission coefficient (or factor) of 18.355 pounds CO 2 per US gallon, or about 3.05 units of weight CO 2 produced per unit weight of fuel used. Just use 0.75 . The cost to move a load of 100LL is about 20 cents per gallon. A: It’s not 6 pounds per gallon. Apparently, it’s so well loved it’s even found its way into reports to NASA's Aviation Safety Reporting System. aromatic sample may be anywhere between 4.5% and 14.5%. User … Carbon Content of AVGAS 100 LL, 80 Exhaust Emissions from In-Use General Aviation Aircraft In the past other grades were also available, particularly for military use, such as avgas 115/145 and 91/96. The new AOPA Aircraft Guide has specifications, performance information, and more on nearly 90 aircraft currently in production. Avgas has an emission coefficient (or factor) of 18.355 pounds per US gallon (2.1994 kg/l) of CO 2 or about 3.07 units of weight produced per unit weight of fuel used. BY CPHGuard - Mon Oct 02, 2006 10:25 am - Mon Oct 02, 2006 10:25 am … Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Freezing Point C 58 Although differences in carbon content between different fuels are small, the differences in This was used mainly in the general aviation market. Aircraft emissions data for smaller aircraft such as piston and small turbine-powered aircraft either do not exist or have not been independently verified. Appendix J - Estimating Fuel Flows for Piston Engines, Appendix L - Hypothetical Airport Engine Mapping, The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Exhaust Emissions from In-Use General Aviation Aircraft, Chapter 4 - Sensitivity Analysis on Airport Emissions, Chapter 5 - Other Parameters Affecting Emissions, Appendix D - Method for Calculating Emission Ratios, Appendix E - Method for Calculating Emission Indices, Appendix F - Variability in Emissions Results from Variability in the Engine, Appendix G - Gas-Phase Measurement Instruments, Appendix K - Carbon Content of AVGAS 100 LL, Appendix M - Terminology and Abbreviations. Specifica on Jet A AVGAS 100LL FOCA AVGAS 100LL FBO Mix AVGAS 100LL high aroma cs mass % H (m/m) 13.8% 8.03% 16.3% 14.9% (H/C ra o) 1.901 1.857 2.320 2.086 Fuel C (g/kg Fuel) 862.4 865.2 837.0 851.0 Fuel CO2 (g/kg Fuel) 3160 3170 3067 3118 Aroma cs (v/v) <10% 14.50% Table K-1. One hectopascal (hPa) or millibar (mb) = 0.02953 in. One inch = 33.8630 hPa or mb. One liter of 100LL now costs 2.7-3.0 Euro [$13.40 – $14.90 per gallon], depending on the airfield. Questions from the Cockpit: The lower the better? Revised Special Airworthiness Information Bulletin (SAIB) Number CE … Colour Avgas 100 Avgas 100LL Green Blue. Automatically calculate fuel mass using coefficients of thermal expansion rules. No carbon content information was available. Temperature. The launch from the Navy's first aircraft carrier, USS Langley, on Nov. 18, 1922, signaled the beginning of practical aircraft carrier operations. Canada, © 2021 General Aviation News. Of all of the piston aircraft engines produced, only one or two were ever certified on only 115/145. 1 US Gallon = Liter/Litre 3.78541. Full disclaimer.Do not use calculations for anything where loss of life, … Tetraethyl lead content g Pb/L US GALLONS DRUMS US GALLONS DRUMS LITRES BARRELS METRIC TONNES 3.78541 4.5 5.79 1.2 0.695 6.97 2.63 2.205 1.53 3.16 For Avgas at SG=0.695 Note: with arrow, multiply by factor shown; away from arrow, divide by factor shown. Corrosion is probably the biggest contributing factor when it comes to fatigue failures on valve springs. References ^ Federal Aviation Administration (2000-04-05). gal is commonly used in America for weight and balance computation.) No common carrier pipeline in the US will allow 100LL. ASTM D5769: Benzene, Toluene and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by GCMS Maksym Pastushenko submitted this photo and note: "Night at Block Island State Airport (KBID) in Rhode Island.". Privacy Policy. This type of avgas is no longer in production. Amount of aviation gasoline produced in the U.S., 2016: 4,080,000 barrels. The line of antennas, specifically designed for experimental and light- sport aircraft, includes solutions for ADS-B and more. Specificaon Jet A AVGAS 100LL fuel dispensaries. AVGAS 100LL 0.5 to 0.8 pounds per gallon is in more understandable terms: 0.060 to 0.096 kg/liter heavier. Avgas 100/130 is a higher octane grade aviation gasoline, containing a maximum of 4 grams of lead per US gallon, maximum 1.12 grams/litre. This means that it must be shipped by rail or truck. Words matter. Avgas has a lower and more uniform vapor pressure than automotive gasoline so it remains in the liquid state despite the reduced … The emissions data obtained as a part of this project can be added to the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA’s) Aviation Environmental Design Tool (AEDT) database of aircraft engines. Lead-free, ethanol-free 96 RON [91 AKI] autogas costs 1.70 Euro/liter [$8.44 per gallon] at local gas stations. jet fuel price is ranging from 30-35 USD per … I’m a writer and am researching the December 1942 crash-landing of a USAAF B26B Marauder in Labrador (Ungava). Aviation gasoline (avgas) has an average weight of slightly over 6 pounds per gallon (6.02) at a Standard Day temperature of 15 degrees C or 59 degrees F. Kilometre/Kilometer to Knots. Weight of 100LL or AVGas (blue color) 1 US Gallon = 6.02 pounds. The Avgas 100LL. With the new 100LL fuels, most refiners add 2 grams of lead and then add toluene concentrate until they meet the rich rating specification of 130, so most new fuels are more like 104/130 fuels when shipped. It contains no ethanol and is safe for most lower HP carbureted engines that were designed to run on 80 octane. This grade is the low-lead version of Avgas 100. The oil companies found that they could still meet the 100/130 octane specification with only 2 grams of lead per gallon if they increased the severity of the refinery process and topped off the blend with toluene concentrate. Half the tanks had 100LL in it, toped of with E-free Mogas. I had no problems at all with it. Inattention to detail can lead to accidents. 79 I dont know about water but Jet fuel is about 6.5 pounds per gallon. I’ll offer my suggestion for two relevant considerations right here: The AOPA Flight Training Scholarships and the live webcast of this year’s R.A. “Bob” Hoover Trophy presentation. Fuel CO2 (g/kg Fuel) 3160 3170 3067 3118 Therefore, we can multiply the amount of carbon per gallon of diesel by the ratio of carbon weight to CO2 weight by 99 percent. While that’s certainly part of it, it’s nowhere near the fullstory. Although carbon content is appropriate for kerosene-based He also noted that the chart for adding TCP to the fuel calls for more additive when 100/130 is used than when 100LL is used. I will enter the fuel mass myself. Avgas has a lower and more uniform vapor pressure than automotive gasoline so it remains in the liquid state despite the reduced atmospheric … Latest fuel prices. Density increases to 6.41 pounds per US gallon (768 g/l) at −40 °C (−40 °F), and decreases by about 0.1% per 1 °C (1.8 °F) … A table for converting octane/performance numbers obtained by the Test Method … Spitfire. Ask Paul: Should we replace the pistons or change oil? View our suggested citation for this chapter. Posts: 2620; Joined: Tue Jul 25, 2006 9:24 am; USER_STATUS: OFF_LINE ; RE: How Much Does Jet Fuel Weigh? That means better health for the industry and more smiles for pilots. The FAA will play no part in my decision. A gallon of Avtur weighs a tad over eight pounds - a gallon of water is 10 pounds. General Aviation News reserves the right to delete snarky, offensive or off-topic comments. Sign up for email notifications and we'll let you know about new publications in your areas of interest when they're released. 100LL.com is a pilot's information service with a continuously updated nationwide airport directory with aviation fuel prices including 100 Low Lead and Jet-A, hotels, ground transportation, airport services and more. Operating above a maximum weight could result in structural deformation or failure during flight if encountering excessive load factors, strong wind gusts, or turbulence. See our Comment Policy for more details. This could possibly be a result of improper break-in, so let's begin there. The table below contains a comparison among cabins and shows passengers, fuel … In the 1950s, the military began replacing its piston aircraft with jet aircraft. The plane is hooked up to a heater in the engine cowling and battery minder. Weight of Jet Fuel (Jet 1-A Clear to Straw color) 1 US Gallon = 6.46 - 7 pounds: Weight of 100LL or AVGas (blue color) 1 US Gallon = 6.02 pounds: Liter/Litre to Gallons Conversion: 1 Liter/Litre = .264172 US Gallons Would you prefer a seat at the table or just wait to see what happens? 0 2. blackheart_987. I love to practice Lazy 8s because of the sensations in the seat of my pants and the challenge of making them near perfect. A half-gallon of whole white milk weighs about 4.3 pounds (1.95 kg). Bonus: It's built in the USA. 1 Liter/Litre = .264172 US Gallons. 5.2 Grades 100 and 100LL represent two aviation gasolines identical in anti-knock quality but differing in maximum lead content and color. Even if you are equipped with skis, you are not allowed off the runways.". high aromacs #5492239. All grades of avgas that meet CAN 2–3, 25-M82 have a density of 6.01 pounds per US gallon (720 g/l) at 15 °C (59 °F). FBO Mix: A mix of equal volumes of fuel from three separate FBOs,

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